Preheat the Oven: Preheat to 350°F (175°C). Grease and line two 8-inch round cake pans with parchment paper.
Mix Dry Ingredients: In a large bowl, whisk together flour, baking powder, baking soda, salt, and spices until evenly distributed.
Cream Butter and Sugar: In another bowl, beat butter and brown sugar until light and fluffy. Add eggs one at a time, mixing well after each.
Combine Wet and Dry: Mix in oil and vanilla. Alternate adding the dry mixture and buttermilk, starting and ending with dry ingredients. Mix just until combined.
Add Apples: Fold in the chopped apples gently with a spatula.
Bake: Divide the batter between pans and bake for 30–35 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean. Cool 10 minutes in pans, then transfer to a wire rack to cool completely.
Make Salted Caramel: In a saucepan over medium heat, melt sugar until golden. Stir in butter (it will bubble). Slowly whisk in warm cream. Remove from heat and stir in salt. Let cool.
Make Frosting: Beat cream cheese and butter until smooth. Gradually add powdered sugar and vanilla until fluffy. Chill briefly if too soft.
Assemble the Cake: Level cake layers if needed. Place one layer on a stand, spread frosting, and drizzle a bit of caramel. Add the second layer, apply a crumb coat, chill, then frost fully. Drizzle remaining caramel on top for a beautiful finish.